Difference (from prior minor revision) Added: 4a5 > * [[Receptor antagonist]] C O N T E N T SSee Also
DescriptionIn biochemistry, a receptor is a protein on the cell membrane or within the cytoplasm or cell nucleus that binds to a specific molecule (a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter, hormone, or other substance, and initiates the cellular response to the ligand. Ligand-induced changes in the behavior of receptor proteins result in physiological changes that constitute the biological actions of the ligands. Transmembrane receptor:E=extracellular space; I=intracellular space; P=plasma membrane Receptor TypesReceptors exist in different types, dependant on their ligand and function:
G-protein-coupled receptorsThese receptors are also known as seven transmembrane receptors or 7TM receptors.
Receptor Tyrosine KinasesThese receptors detect ligands and propogate signals via the tyrosine kinase of their intracellular domains. This family of receptors includes;
Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors
Ionotropic Receptors
Intracellular receptorsTranscription factors
Various
Role in Genetic DisordersMany genetic disorders involve hereditary defects in receptor genes. Often, it is hard to determine whether the receptor is nonfunctional or the hormone is produced at decreased level; this gives rise to the "pseudo-hypo-" group of endocrine disorders, where there appears to be a decreased hormonal level while in fact it is the receptor that is not responding sufficiently to the hormone. LinksAttribution
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